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SPREAD V Ed. | |
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Epidemiology |
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10 years of SPREAD Collaboration |
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| S 4-1 | In Italy, stroke is the third cause of death after cardiovascular diseases and tumours. It causes 10%-12% of all deaths every year, and represents the main cause of disability. |
| S 4-2 | In the Italian elderly population (age 65-84 years), stroke prevalence is 6.5%, slightly higher in men (7.4%) than women (5.9%). |
| S 4-3 | Stroke incidence increases progressively with age, reaching the peak among people 85 years old and over. Therefore, 75% of all strokes affects subjects older than 65 years. |
| S 4-4 | Ischaemic stroke is the most common kind of stroke (about 80%) whereas 15%-20% of all strokes are accounted for by cerebral haemorrhages, and 3% by subarachnoid haemorrhages. |
| S 4-5 | Ischaemic stroke affects mostly people over 70 years of age and males; haemorrhagic stroke affects slightly younger people, more commonly males; subarachnoid haemorrhage affects mostly females with a mean age of 50 years. |
| S 4-6 | In Italy about 196,000 strokes occur every year (data from general population on 2001), 80% of them are first-ever strokes (157,000) while 20% (39,000) are recurrent strokes. |
| S 4-7 | The number of stroke events is expected to increase In Italy in the near future, assuming a constant stroke incidence, due to the demographic course. |
| S 4-8 | In Italy, the number of stroke survivors, with more or less invalidating sequels, is about 913,000 as estimated from the general population data on 2001. |
| S 4-9 | In the world, the number of stroke-attributable deaths is expected to double by the year 2020. |
| S 4-10 | Acute mortality (first 30 days) after stroke is 20%-25%, reaching approximately 30%-40% after one year. Haemorrhages (intracerebral and subarachnoid) exhibit higher acute mortality rates (0%-40% after 1 week; 45%-50% after 1 month). Lacunar strokes have a more favourable acute and 1-year prognosis than non lacunar strokes, for mortality, residual disability, recurrence rate. |
| S 4-11 | One year after a stroke, regardless of whether ischaemic or haemorrhagic, about one third of patients remain severely disabled (i.e. totally dependent in the activities of daily living). |
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